Final answer:
The type of validity that requires an instrument to cover all relevant aspects of the construct being measured, without any irrelevant parts, is known as content validity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of validity that is determined by providing evidence that a measuring instrument includes all relevant elements of a construct, without any extraneous elements, is content validity. Content validity ensures that the measure fully represents the construct it's intended to measure, incorporating all the facets that define the construct. It's critical for guaranteeing that an assessment tool is not missing any important components related to the concept it measures. Unlike construct validity, which focuses on whether a tool truly measures the theoretical construct it's intended to, content validity zeroes in on the comprehensiveness of the instrument itself. Concurrent validity and predictive validity refer to different aspects of validity that relate to how well test scores correlate with other relevant variables at the same time (concurrent) or in the future (predictive).