Final answer:
Cesare Beccaria believed that the only way to control a rational person is through laws and a just legal system, which includes proportionate punishment and a focus on preventing harm to others.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cesare Beccaria believed that the only way we can control a rational person is through laws and a just legal system. Beccaria argued that punishment should be proportionate to the crime and that the severity of punishment should be based on the harm caused rather than personal vendettas or desires for revenge.
For example, Beccaria argued against the use of torture and cruel punishment, stating that they were ineffective in deterring crime and violated a person's natural rights. Instead, he advocated for a system where the purpose of punishment was to prevent harm to others and maintain social order.