Final answer:
A buildup of earwax within the external auditory canal is called cerumen impaction. It can cause symptoms such as hearing loss, earache, and dizziness.
Step-by-step explanation:
A buildup of earwax within the external auditory canal is called cerumen impaction. Cerumen, also known as earwax, is a waxy substance produced by glands in the ear canal. It helps to protect the ear by trapping dust, dirt, and other particles, preventing them from reaching the eardrum. However, if earwax accumulates and hardens, it can lead to a blockage and cause symptoms such as hearing loss, earache, tinnitus, dizziness, and a sensation of fullness in the ear.