Final answer:
Oxygen, barium, germanium, and neon are representative elements; oxygen being a chalcogen, barium an alkaline earth metal, germanium a group 14 element, and neon a noble gas. Iron is a transition element, and praseodymium is an inner transition metal, part of the lanthanides.
Step-by-step explanation:
To identify the elements as representative elements or transition elements, we look at their positions in the periodic table. Representative elements have their valence electrons entering the s or p orbitals, whereas transition elements typically have their d orbitals filling (groups 3-11).
- Oxygen (O) is a representative element as it is part of Group 16 (the chalcogens or oxygen family).
- Barium (Ba) is a representative element located in Group 2 (the alkaline earth metals).
- Germanium (Ge) belongs to Group 14 and is also a representative element.
- Iron (Fe) is a transition element as it is found in Group 8.
- Neon (Ne) is a representative element, specifically a noble gas, located in Group 18.
- Praseodymium (Pr) is an inner transition metal, part of the lanthanides series rather than being a representative or transition element.