Final answer:
The perception that one's fate is determined by luck reflects an external locus of control, where individuals believe external forces like luck or fate largely determine their life outcomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The belief that one's outcomes in life, such as success or failure, are heavily influenced by external factors such as luck or fate is indicative of an external locus of control. This concept, introduced by Julian Rotter, suggests that people with an external locus of control perceive their outcomes as being beyond their personal control and attribute these to external circumstances, such as the influence of others or chance events. In contrast, an internal locus of control is characterized by the belief that one's actions and decisions substantially influence their outcomes.
When a student opines that their success in school is a matter of luck, they demonstrate a belief system that aligns with an external locus of control. This also informs their approach to challenges and setbacks. For instance, rather than attributing a poor grade to lack of preparation or study, a student with an external locus of control would be more inclined to blame the difficulty of the test or perceived unfairness from the instructor. Recognizing the distinction between internal and external loci of control is crucial for understanding personal motivation and behavior, particularly in educational and psychological contexts.