Final answer:
Jessica receiving a cookie at unpredictable times when they're freshly baked exemplifies a variable interval reinforcement schedule, which results in a moderate, steady response due to the uncertainty of timing for the reward.
Step-by-step explanation:
When Jessica visits the bakery, and the baker gives her a cookie only if they have been freshly baked, this is an example of a variable interval reinforcement schedule. In a variable interval schedule, the reinforcement is given based on varying and unpredictable amounts of time.
This schedule generates a moderate and steady response rate because the individual does not know exactly when the reinforcement will come, much like Manuel who manages a fast-food restaurant and maintains cleanliness and quality to get a surprise bonus from the quality control division.
Jessica's interaction with the baker, where she receives a cookie only when they are freshly baked, illustrates a **variable ratio reinforcement schedule.** In this schedule, reinforcement (receiving a cookie) is provided after an unpredictable number of occurrences (freshly baked batches).
The variability in the number of baked batches before receiving a cookie keeps Jessica engaged and motivated, as she doesn't know exactly when the reward will be offered. Variable ratio schedules are known for promoting persistent and high rates of responding, as individuals are uncertain about when their desired outcome will be achieved, creating a more resistant and enduring behavior.