Final answer:
A botanist who specializes in identifying, naming, and classifying plants is called a taxonomist. They use taxonomy, a field that was significantly developed by Carolus Linnaeus with his Linnaean classification system, to categorize living organisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
A botanist specializing in identifying, naming, and classifying plants is called a taxonomist. This field of biology is involved with the classification, description, and naming of living organisms, a practice known as taxonomy.
The most renowned early taxonomist was Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, zoologist, and physician who developed the Linnaean classification system.
This hierarchical classification system starts with broad categories called domains and becomes more specific down to the level of species. This system not only helped in organizing the known diversity of life but continues to guide the discovery and categorization of new species.