Final answer:
Using their advanced mathematical knowledge, the Maya measured astronomical events and created detailed calendars, even predicting solar eclipses with accuracy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Maya were able to measure complex astronomical events and create sophisticated calendars due to their advanced knowledge of mathematics. They employed a numerical system that allowed them to represent very large numbers and were among the first to use the number 0 in mathematics. This proficiency in arithmetic and geometry surpassed even that of the Egyptians. Their understanding of astronomy was so acute that they could predict solar eclipses accurately. The Maya also had a unique conception of time, showcased by their elaborate calendars, which played a central role in their rituals and sacred celebrations.