Final answer:
Maria is most likely an b. atheist and humanist, as she does not believe in a divine being but emphasizes social justice and the value of humans, fitting the definitions of atheism and humanism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Maria does not believe in a god or a supernatural power, but she identifies with the philosophy that emphasizes social justice, equality, and the goodness of human beings. Given this information, Maria is most likely an atheist and humanist. Atheism denies the existence of a god or gods, while humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings and typically prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism and empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition.
The term nondenominational Christian would imply a belief in God without affiliation to a specific Christian denomination, which does not fit Maria's description. Similarly, an orthodox Jew observes traditional Jewish beliefs and practices, which include belief in God. A secularist may not necessarily deny the existence of God but supports separation of religion from civic affairs and government, and agnosticism is a belief that the existence of God is unknowable but doesn't necessarily deny such existence outright.
Atheists and humanists can hold moral values and often contribute positively to society, as evidenced by various Nobel Peace Prize winners and humanitarians who identified with these philosophies.