Final answer:
To enhance memory and keep information in STM longer, use elaborative rehearsal to process information deeply, the self-reference effect to relate information to oneself, mnemonic devices for better recall, and distributed practice to give time for memory consolidation. Ample sleep is also important for memory retention.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ways to Increase the Amount of Time Information Stays in Short-Term Memory (STM)
To enhance memory and increase the time that information stays in short-term memory before it is either saved into long-term memory or discarded, students can apply the following methods:
- Elaborative Rehearsal: This technique involves deeply processing the information by making it meaningful. One can link new information to existing knowledge or to personal experiences, enhancing the memory consolidation process.
- Self-Reference Effect: Putting material in your own words and relating it to your personal life helps in creating a 'web' of retrieval cues, which assists in encoding information into long-term memory more effectively.
- Use mnemonic devices like acronyms or acrostics which harness the power of association to aid recall.
- Maintain distributed practice, which involves spreading out study sessions over time rather than cramming. This allows memories to consolidate properly.
In addition, getting ample rest is crucial for memory consolidation, and thus, sleeping adequately can also play a significant role in enhancing memory retention.