Final Answer:
Under what terms did Philip allow Richard to marry Berengaria of Navarre, not Philip's sister, AliceOn condition of a political alliance.
Thus the correct option is (D).
Step-by-step explanation:
The marriage between Richard the Lionheart and Berengaria of Navarre was a complex affair involving strategic considerations. Philip, as the King of France, had a vested interest in ensuring that the union served political purposes. Therefore, the correct answer is D) On condition of a political alliance. In medieval Europe, royal marriages were often used as instruments to solidify alliances, strengthen diplomatic ties, or secure territorial agreements.
In this context, Philip's insistence on a political alliance suggests that the marriage was not merely a personal matter but had broader geopolitical implications. Such alliances were crucial for maintaining stability and balancing power dynamics in the medieval European landscape. Richard's marriage to Berengaria could have been seen as a means to forge or strengthen ties between England and Navarre, potentially aligning their interests against common adversaries.
This strategic dimension to royal marriages was characteristic of medieval politics, where the personal lives of monarchs were intricately woven into the fabric of statecraft. The union between Richard and Berengaria, under the condition of a political alliance, underscores the intricate web of relationships and power dynamics that defined medieval European politics.
Thus the correct option is (D).