Final answer:
Children are likely to behave in a socially competent manner if raised with authoritative parenting, which balances reasonable demands and limits with warmth and flexibility.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the author of the text, children are most likely to behave in socially competent ways if they are raised with authoritative parenting. This style involves reasonable demands, consistent limits, expression of warmth and affection, and listening to the child's point of view. Rules are set, and reasons behind them are explained; however, parents are also flexible to make exceptions when needed.
For example, authoritative parents may adjust bedtime rules for a family vacation. In contrast, permissive parenting often results in children lacking self-discipline and is negatively associated with grades. The strict authoritarian parenting style values conformity and obedience but can result in anxious and withdrawn children. Finally, neglectful parenting, also known as uninvolved, can lead to children who are emotionally withdrawn and perform poorly in school.