Final answer:
The most secure two-factor authentication methods among the given options are the combination of a password with a smart card and a password with a fingerprint, as they utilize two distinct forms of credentials - something you know with something you have or something you are.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is about deciding which combinations of two-factor authentication (2FA) methods provide the highest security for workstations. The two most secure choices from the provided options are:
- Password and smart card: This combines something you know (password) with something you have (smart card), making it far more challenging for unauthorized users to access the system as they would need to have the physical card.
- Password and fingerprint: This method pairs something you know (password) with something you are (biometric data), which adds a high level of security as fingerprints are unique to individuals and are hard to replicate or steal.
These combinations are considered to be strong due to the reliance on two distinct types of credentials (knowledge and possession or biometric for example), thereby increasing the security for individuals and workstations. While security questions, CAPTCHAs, voice recognition, and one-time tokens can provide extra layers of security, smart cards and fingerprints are generally seen as more secure options.