Final answer:
Ozone, an allotrope of oxygen, is formed through an endothermic reaction facilitated by electrical discharge, heat, or ultraviolet light. It has a distinctive structure shown by Lewis diagrams with delocalized electrons across two resonance structures. Ozone can convert back to oxygen by decomposing when it absorbs ultraviolet light.
Step-by-step explanation:
How is ozone formed and what is its relationship with oxygen?
Ozone is formed when dry oxygen is passed between two electrically charged plates, initiating an endothermic reaction. This process, which can be sparked by electrical discharge, heat, or ultraviolet light, generates ozone (O3) from molecular oxygen (O2). In the upper atmosphere, ozone naturally forms by the action of ultraviolet light from the sun on oxygen, predominantly in the stratosphere where it acts as a protective barrier against harmful ultraviolet radiation.
The Lewis diagram of ozone (O3) represents two resonance structures that differ by the placement of the electrons and covalent bonds between the oxygen atoms. Both resonance structures have one double bond and one single bond but in different positions, indicating a delocalization of electrons in the molecule.
To convert ozone to oxygen, one can use the reaction O3 + hv (photon) → O2 + O, where ozone decomposes into molecular oxygen and an oxygen radical, especially under the influence of ultraviolet light.