Final answer:
The most common preventable adult infectious disease in the world is Tuberculosis (TB). While noncommunicable diseases, such as heart disease and stroke, are linked to lifestyle choices, infectious diseases like TB and pneumonia remain significant causes of death globally. German measles is not associated with coronavirus infections.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common preventable adult infectious disease in the world is D. Tuberculosis (TB). TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and can be prevented through various methods such as vaccination, improving living conditions, and early detection and treatment of the disease.
Although the infection rates in countries like the United States are low, globally, TB remains a significant health concern, with a large proportion of the population carrying the bacterium, albeit many without symptoms.
Examples of noncommunicable infectious diseases are those that cannot be transmitted from person to person, such as diseases caused by genetic factors or lifestyle choices like heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
Infectious diseases like TB, on the other hand, are communicable and can affect anyone but predominantly impact those in poorer health or living in developing countries.
German measles (rubella) is not associated with coronavirus infections. Notably, pneumonia, whether caused by bacteria or viruses like SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, is a communicable disease that significantly contributes to global mortality rates.