Final answer:
Mutually exclusive categories are incorporated into the three organization design typologies with clear boundaries and distinctions, following a similar approach to categorizing organisms in taxonomy. Just as a well-defined classification system facilitates understanding and prevents confusion, clear typologies in organization design ensure each structure's roles and functions are distinct and effective.
Step-by-step explanation:
When incorporating mutually exclusive categories with the three typologies in organization design, it is most fitting to do so with clear boundaries and distinctions (Option c). The three typologies often discussed include functional, divisional, and matrix structures. Each typology has distinct characteristics and roles within an organization. The first two — functional and divisional structures — focus primarily on hierarchical roles and address large-scale issues facing an organization, whereas the matrix structure allows for a more holistic and flexible approach, examining intricate organizational aspects.
In a similar vein, when classifying organisms in biology, categories in the taxonomic classification system are defined with distinct boundaries from more specific to broader categories, such as from species to kingdom. Likewise, in organization design, each category or typology should be well-defined to prevent overlap and confusion. For example, bureaucracy as an organizational design typically features characteristics such as a clear hierarchy of authority, explicit rules, and a defined division of labor. This displays the need for exclusivity and well-defined roles within an organizational structure without coercion as a characteristic feature.
The process of political organization and social change in societies is an example of how mutable factors in organizational structures can be. Societies develop through complex and often unpredictable paths rather than along a single predetermined route, just as organizations may evolve.