Question

Vaping and Respiratory Disease

The association between vaping and the risk of respiratory disease was investigated in a case-control study. The study included 500 cases and 400 controls and the following results were seen:

Vaping
Yes No
Cases 350 150
Controls 100 300
Calculate the odds ratio based on these data.
Interpret the odds ratio that you calculated, in one sentence.

Answer 1

The odds ratio is 2.33, indicating that the risk of respiratory disease is 2.33 times higher among vapers compared to non-vapers.

Step-by-step explanation:

To calculate the odds ratio, we can use the formula: Odds ratio = (a/c) / (b/d), where a = number of cases exposed, c = number of cases unexposed, b = number of controls exposed, and d = number of controls unexposed. Plugging in the values from the given data: a = 350, b = 100, c = 150, and d = 300. Therefore, Odds ratio = (350/150) / (100/300) = 2.33.

The odds ratio of 2.33 means that the odds of having a respiratory disease among those who vape are 2.33 times higher compared to those who do not vape. In simpler terms, individuals who vape have a higher risk of developing respiratory disease compared to non-vapers.