Final answer:
The motion of a bicycle is governed by the force of friction including gears and chain, where the forces exerted by the ground during a turn involve centripetal force and the vertical normal force.
Step-by-step explanation:
When discussing the motion of a bicycle, the force of friction, such as that involving the gears and chain, plays a critical role. In the context of centrifugal and centripetal forces and how they relate to riding a bike, one must consider the forces exerted by the ground. During a turn, the force exerted by the ground must align through the center of gravity for stability, breaking down into two components: friction (supplying the centripetal force) and the vertical normal force (counteracting the weight of the system).
In addition, when a powerful motorcycle accelerates, the force it exerts backward on the ground can be computed based on the resisting forces, which include friction and air resistance, and the mass and acceleration of the motorcycle. As indicated in various figures and examples, these dynamics are fundamentally connected to Newton's laws of motion and play a crucial role in understanding the physics of cycling and motorcycle operation.