Question

Your male patient is complaining of enlarged breast tissue. You note that he is on a combination of antihypertensive treatments. Which statement correctly describes the cause of this adverse effect?

a) The combination of antihypertensive treatments directly causes gynecomastia.
b) Gynecomastia is a common side effect of antihypertensive medications in general.
c) Enlarged breast tissue is not a known side effect of antihypertensive treatments.
d) The patient's diet and lifestyle choices are the primary causes of gynecomastia.

Answer 1

The association between antihypertensive medications and gynecomastia is complex and specific to certain drugs rather than a general side effect of all blood pressure medications. Some antihypertensives, like particular ß-blockers or spironolactone, may cause hormonal imbalances leading to gynecomastia.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct statement that describes the cause of enlarged breast tissue, or gynecomastia, in a male patient on antihypertensive medication is not provided in the options above. While it is true that some medications can cause side effects that include gynecomastia, this is not a common side effect of all antihypertensive medications. Gynecomastia can be associated with certain drugs, including but not limited to anti-hypertensives like spironolactone, which is a potassium-sparing diuretic, or some ß-blockers if they have intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. These drugs may interfere with hormone levels or receptor activities, potentially leading to gynecomastia.