Final answer:
Different devices for measuring radiation include the well counter, a type of scintillation counter; the Geiger-Mueller counter, which counts ionization events caused by radiation; and ionization detectors like radiation dosimeters for personal exposure measurement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The counting systems mentioned in the student's question refer to different types of devices used for the detection and measurement of radiation. Each device operates on distinct principles and serves specific measurement purposes.
Thyroid probes are not typically referenced in the provided information, but generally, they are used to measure radiation uptake by the thyroid gland.
Dose calibrators are not explicitly mentioned, but they are typically used in nuclear medicine for the precise measurement of radioactive doses administered to patients.
Well counters are a type of scintillation counter which consists of a well-shaped crystal that detects radiation primarily for small samples. The scintillator emits light when exposed to ionizing radiation, and the intensity of this light is proportional to the amount of radiation.
The Geiger-Mueller counter is a well-known radiation detection device that measures ionizing radiation by detecting the ionization events within a gas-filled tube. Each detected event is counted, and the count rate indicates the intensity of the radiation.
Ionization detectors typically include devices like radiation dosimeters which measure ionizing radiation and can be used to determine personal exposure to radiation.