Final answer:
Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is often seen in older individuals and is caused by the stiffening and narrowing of the arteries. It can also be caused by factors such as atherosclerosis, obesity, and certain medical conditions. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications and medication if necessary.
Step-by-step explanation:
Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) occurs when the systolic blood pressure is greater than 140 mm Hg and the diastolic blood pressure is less than 90 mm Hg. This condition is commonly seen in older individuals and is often caused by the stiffening and narrowing of the arteries, leading to increased resistance to blood flow. One common cause of ISH is aging, as the blood vessels become less elastic and more rigid over time.
Another potential cause of ISH is atherosclerosis, which is the build-up of plaque in the arteries. This can lead to narrowing of the arteries and increased blood pressure. Other factors that can contribute to ISH include obesity, smoking, lack of physical activity, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes and kidney disease.
Treating ISH typically involves lifestyle modifications such as adopting a healthy diet, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing stress. In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help lower blood pressure.