Final answer:
The movement that brings a limb closer to the body is known as "adduction". This movement is the opposite of abduction, where the limb moves away from the midline of the body. Flexion and extension are other movements that alter the angle between the bones at a joint.
Step-by-step explanation:
A movement which brings a limb - arm or leg - closer towards the body is adduction. This term contrasts with abduction, which is the movement of a bone away from the midline of the body, like lifting the arms or legs laterally to the side. During adduction, the limbs move inward after abduction, an example being bringing the arm back down to the side of the body after it has been lifted outwards. Flexion and extension are also related concepts in movement; flexion decreases the angle between the bones at a joint, while extension increases it. Movements such as these are part of what allows the upper limb to move anteriorly or posteriorly at the shoulder.