Final answer:
Aristotle's theory includes three kinds of souls: vegetative, sensitive, and rational, with each type corresponding to different functions and abilities in living organisms, culminating in the uniquely human capability for rational thought.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Aristotle's conception of the soul, it is true that human beings possess three kinds of souls: the vegetative, the sensitive, and the rational. The vegetative soul is responsible for growth and the exchange of nutrients, which is an ability shared by all living organisms, including plants. The sensitive soul provides additional capabilities such as the perception of the environment, desire, and voluntary movement, which are traits found in animals. Moreover, humans possess the unique rational soul, which grants the ability to engage in rational thought and reasoning. This layered conception indicates that each type of soul carries its own set of functions that contribute to the life of the organism it inhabits.