Final answer:
Phototherapy is primarily used to treat infantile jaundice by exposing the baby to UV radiation, aiding in the breakdown of bilirubin. It also helps in skin conditions, sterilization, and the production of vitamin D in the skin. Additionally, UV radiation and ionizing radiation have therapeutic applications in cancer treatment through radiotherapy and proton therapy.
Step-by-step explanation:
One of the primary indications for phototherapy is the treatment of infantile jaundice, where it plays a crucial role in preventing the buildup of bilirubin, a potentially toxic substance in the blood of newborns. This treatment involves exposing the baby to UV radiation (with appropriate eye protection) to help break down the excess bilirubin. Additionally, UV radiation is employed in several skin conditions, sterilizing workspaces and tools, and as a germicide in various applications. In medicine, it's also used as an analytical tool to identify substances and trigger the production of vitamin D in the skin.
In more advanced medical practices, such as cancer treatment, therapeutic applications of ionizing radiation, also known as radiation therapy or radiotherapy, are used extensively. Whether used alone or in combination with surgery and chemotherapy, radiotherapy aims to save lives and improve quality by managing cancer symptoms. Besides these therapeutic applications, UV light serves in producing vitamin D, which is essential for preventing diseases such as osteoporosis and some cancers. On the technological front, UV radiation aids in external radiation therapies like proton therapy, which targets inoperable tumors with minimal damage to surrounding tissues.