Final answer:
Platelet function disorders involve problems with clotting due to abnormal platelet production or functioning, resulting in conditions like thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis that can lead to excessive bleeding or thrombus formation, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
Platelet disorders are conditions where the adhesion, activation, and aggregation of platelets are affected, potentially leading to disturbances in hemostasis and thrombosis. Conditions like thrombocytopenia, where there's an insufficient number of platelets, result in excessive bleeding due to the inability of blood to form clots. Contrastingly, thrombocytosis indicates excessive platelets, elevating the risk of thrombi formation which can impede blood flow and increase blood pressure. Platelets, derived from megakaryocytes, are crucial for blood clotting as they adhere to vessel tears creating a platelet plug and release clotting factors necessary for repair and tissue growth.
A thrombus (plural = thrombi) is a dangerous byproduct of these disorders, potentially forming in slightly damaged vessels, decreasing blood flow, or causing an occlusion. Factors such as venous stasis, autoimmune diseases, and physical conditions like pregnancy or obesity can predispose individuals to thrombi formation. The heart may be strained as it works to overcome the increased resistance from these blockages. Moreover, parts of a thrombus can break off, travelling through the bloodstream and causing further complications.