Final answer:
d. 22.4196. The percentage of incorrect answers is 22.41%.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the percentage of incorrect answers, we need to divide the number of incorrect answers by the total number of answers and then multiply by 100.
The total number of answers is the sum of correct and incorrect answers, which is 45 + 13 = 58.
So, the percentage of incorrect answers is (13 / 58) * 100 = 22.41%.