Final answer:
Glycolysis is the metabolic process that is shared between aerobic cellular respiration and alcoholic fermentation. Therefore, the correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The metabolic process that is shared between aerobic cellular respiration and alcoholic fermentation is glycolysis.
Glycolysis is the initial step in both aerobic cellular respiration and alcoholic fermentation, where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and does not require oxygen.
After glycolysis, the pathways diverge: aerobic cellular respiration continues in the mitochondria with processes like the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain, while alcoholic fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen and produces ethanol and carbon dioxide.