Question

Microorganisms (bacteria) may act as Producers, Parasites, Mutualistic Symbionts, or Decomposers. Select TWO of the ecological roles above. For each one you choose, describe how bacteria carry out that role and discuss the importance of that role in an ecosystem or organism.

Answer 1

Bacteria can act as decomposers and mutualistic symbionts in ecosystems. Decomposers recycle nutrients, while symbiotic bacteria provide benefits to their host organisms.

Step-by-step explanation:

Microorganisms, specifically bacteria, play multiple important roles in ecosystems. Two of these roles are as decomposers and mutualistic symbionts.

Decomposers:

Bacteria that act as decomposers break down dead materials and waste products, recycling nutrients back into the environment. They play a crucial role in the cycling of nutrients such as carbon and nitrogen, which are essential for living organisms. Without decomposers, organisms would not have access to sufficient nutrients for growth and function.

Mutualistic Symbionts:

Bacteria also form mutualistic symbiotic relationships with other organisms. For example, nitrogen-fixing bacteria live on the roots of legumes, providing them with nitrogen in a usable form. In return, the legumes provide the bacteria with carbohydrates. This mutualism benefits both the bacteria and the legumes, as they each receive a resource they need.