Final answer:
Swelling at the peripheral IV site most commonly indicates edema, which could result from infiltration or phlebitis. Infection is another potential cause, especially if the area shows signs of redness and warmth, usually requiring prompt medical intervention.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a CPCT informs a nurse about swelling at the peripheral IV site, the most likely cause of this finding is edema, which is the accumulation of excess water in the tissues. This could be a sign of infiltration, where the IV fluid enters the surrounding tissue instead of the vein. Another possibility is phlebitis, an inflammation of the vein, which could be caused by the IV catheter. Looking at the clinical focus scenarios provided, the swelling could also be related to an infection, particularly if the area is also red and warm to the touch, and accompanied by a fever.
These complications need to be addressed promptly to prevent further harm to the patient. The CPCT should report such findings to their supervising nurse or physician to ensure appropriate treatment, which could include removing or repositioning the IV, administering antibiotics, or applying a cold compress to reduce swelling.