Final answer:
A "test of cure" for H. pylori infection is conducted after antibiotic treatment to ensure eradication, especially in high-risk cases and regions with antibiotic resistance. It typically uses a breath test with radiolabeled urea.
Step-by-step explanation:
Test of Cure for H. pylori Infection
A "test of cure" for H. pylori infection should be conducted under specific circumstances. After treatment with antibiotics for H. pylori, it is important to confirm that the bacteria have been successfully eradicated. This is crucial because H. pylori is associated with peptic ulcers and an increased risk of stomach cancer. The test is typically performed using a noninvasive breath test, where patients are given radioactively labeled urea to detect the presence of the bacteria. Testing is especially recommended in cases with high risks, such as individuals with a history of ulcer disease, those with gastric cancer, or when treatment involves complex antibiotic regimens due to the potential for antibiotic resistance.
Test of cure is usually recommended after completion of therapy, especially in patients with peptic ulcer disease, history of gastric cancer, or in areas with a high prevalence of antibiotic resistance. This ensures that the bacteria have been completely eradicated, reducing the risks of re-infection or complications such as ulcers or cancer. It is also suggested when initial treatment may have been compromised or if symptoms persist after treatment.