Final answer:
The abnormal lung sound described is known as crackles or crepitations, heard during both inspiration and expiration due to air passing through mucus-plugged airways, often associated with conditions like pneumonia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The abnormal lung sound described in the question, which is high-pitched, discontinuous, and heard on both inspiration and expiration, is referred to as crackles or crepitations. These sounds are indicative of air passing through mucus-plugged airways, often associated with conditions such as pneumonia. During the physical examination, healthcare providers listen for these lung sounds using a stethoscope, which, along with other symptoms and diagnostic tests like chest radiographs and sputum samples, can assist in diagnosing the underlying condition.