Final answer:
The Emperor penguin lives in the coldest climate, while the Arctic wolf inhabits the warmest climate of the listed options. The correct answer is c) Emperor penguin, Arctic wolf. Furthermore, polar bears will be most affected by the melting of sea ice because they rely on it for hunting seals.
Step-by-step explanation:
Of the three animals listed, the Emperor penguin lives in the coldest climate, where the temperature can drop to -90°F. The Arctic wolf lives in the warmest climate among the choices, with temperatures that can be around -70°F. Hence, the correct answer is c) Emperor penguin, Arctic wolf.
Polar bears are well-adapted to cold environments with their thick fur and dense layer of fat. They require sea ice for hunting seals, which are their primary source of protein. With the rapid melting of sea ice in the Arctic due to climate change, polar bears would be the most affected among the animals listed, as they rely on this habitat for survival. Conversely, the listed bear species that do not depend on sea ice, like grizzly bears and black bears, would not be as directly impacted by these melting conditions. Koalas, not being part of the Arctic ecosystem, are clearly unaffected by changes in Arctic sea ice.