Final answer:
The aspect of Aggregate Demand that results in monetary gain from factors of production to households is exporting. Exports contribute to higher aggregate demand and are influenced by exchange rates, affecting the competitiveness of a country's goods and services.
Step-by-step explanation:
The aspect of Aggregate Demand that results in monetary gain from 'factors of production' to households is d) Export. Exports represent the sale of goods and services produced domestically but purchased by foreigners. When firms in a country export goods and services, they receive foreign currency, which is then converted into domestic currency, providing income to domestic companies and, through wages and profits, to households. A strong export sector contributes to a higher level of aggregate demand.
Furthermore, movements in exchange rates can significantly influence the incentives for exporting. An appreciating domestic currency makes exports more expensive for foreign buyers and less competitive, potentially leading to a decrease in exports and subsequently affecting the monetary gain to households. On the other hand, a depreciated currency can boost exports by making them cheaper and more appealing to foreign purchasers, thus enhancing the monetary returns from production factors to households.