Final answer:
Opioids like morphine, heroin, and methadone have intoxication effects that include analgesia, euphoria, drowsiness, and slowed breathing. Withdrawal symptoms from opioids include restlessness, muscle and bone pain, insomnia, vomiting, diarrhea, and cold flashes. Methadone can be prescribed to help manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings for individuals with a heroin addiction.
Step-by-step explanation:
Opioids, including substances like morphine, heroin, and methadone, have intoxication effects that are both physical and psychological. When opioids bind to opioid receptors in the brain, they produce a powerful analgesic effect, reducing pain and inducing feelings of euphoria. These substances can also cause drowsiness, confusion, and slowed breathing. Long-term use of opioids can lead to dependence and addiction.
Withdrawal symptoms associated with physical dependence on opioids include restlessness, muscle and bone pain, insomnia, vomiting, diarrhea, and cold flashes. A person with a heroin addiction may be prescribed the psychoactive drug methadone because it is a synthetic opioid that can help manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings without producing the intense euphoria associated with heroin.