Final answer:
During surgical repair of a thoracic abdominal aneurysm, hypoperfusion to the lower extremities can lead to ischemia and subsequent hypoxia, potentially causing tissue damage, necrosis, or acute limb ischemia.
Step-by-step explanation:
A potential complication that can arise due to hypoperfusion to the lower extremities during surgical repair of a thoracic abdominal aneurysm is ischemia, which can consequently lead to hypoxia. Ischemia refers to reduced blood flow to a tissue region 'downstream' of a narrowed or obstructed vessel. This restricted blood flow can result in a decreased supply of oxygen to the tissues, known as hypoxia. If the lower extremities experience prolonged ischemia and hypoxia, it could result in tissue damage or necrosis. Moreover, surgical manipulations of the aorta can cause embolization or thrombosis, potentially resulting in acute limb ischemia. Furthermore, the inferior mesenteric artery, which supplies blood to the large intestine, could be affected, leading to bowel ischemia.