Final answer:
Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases. It targets CD20, a protein found on B cells, and helps reduce symptoms or disease progression. While generally well-tolerated, rituximab can have potential toxicities like infusion reactions and infections.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that is used in the treatment of several types of cancer and autoimmune diseases. It works by targeting a protein called CD20, which is found on the surface of certain immune cells called B cells. By binding to CD20, rituximab kills off these B cells, which can help reduce the symptoms or progression of the disease.
Rituximab is primarily used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and rheumatoid arthritis. It may also be used in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases such as lupus and multiple sclerosis.
While rituximab is generally well-tolerated, it can have some potential toxicities. These may include infusion reactions, such as fever, chills, and rash, as well as more serious side effects like infections, infusion-related lung injury, and heart problems. It's important for patients receiving rituximab to be monitored closely for any signs of these toxicities.