Final answer:
In endotracheal intubation, the ET should be inserted into the trachea at a depth of 21-23 cm at the lip or 23-25 cm at the nose for adults. After surgery, it takes about 30 minutes for the muscles of respiration to regain control and for the tube to be removed. A sore or scratchy throat is a common post-surgery symptom.
Step-by-step explanation:
Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure used during surgery to maintain an open airway. This involves the insertion of an endotracheal tube (ET) into the trachea. The depth of insertion varies based on the patient's age and size, but in general, for an adult, the ET should be inserted about 21-23 cm at the lip or 23-25 cm at the nose. It is vital to ensure the ET is correctly positioned within the trachea to avoid complications such as a blocked airway or improper ventilation.
Post-surgery, the patient will be monitored as the anesthesiologist gradually changes the gases to wake the patient. The muscles of respiration are among the last to recover, and this process can take about 30 minutes, after which the ET is removed. After extubation, it is common for patients to experience a sore or scratchy throat as a side effect of the procedure.