Final answer:
The competency approach to job analysis is crucial for evaluating candidates' KSAs and has high potential effectiveness, yet the reliability can be compromised by the source of the job analysis and other factors, such as interviewer biases or organizational culture as reflected in the literature. option c.
Step-by-step explanation:
The competency approach to job analysis has been a subject of research and debate in terms of its effectiveness and reliability. According to a meta-analysis by Dierdorff & Wilson (2003), job analyses that were developed from descriptions provided by incumbents were found to be less reliable. However, it's important to note that job analysis validity can vary depending on the sources of information and the method used. For instance, observations, surveys, and interviews are common methods used in job analysis, with each having its strengths and weaknesses. Since job analysis is critical in reflecting the requirements of a position and helps in evaluating candidates' knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs), its accuracy is important for effective hiring decisions. Nevertheless, real-world hiring often includes biases such as the interviewer's perception and subconscious associations, which can skew the hiring decision. Thus, while job analysis can be a deeply useful tool, it is not always used to its fullest potential due to human biases and organizational culture.