Final answer:
Anne Boleyn was executed for failing to produce a male heir and being accused of treason involving affairs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The woman who faced execution due to lacking a son and being accused of treason involving affairs was Anne Boleyn. King Henry VIII married Anne Boleyn after seeking an annulment from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, hoping that Anne would provide him with a male heir. Unfortunately for Anne, she could not deliver a son and was eventually accused of adultery, leading to her execution. This situation was part of the tumultuous Tudor period when Henry VIII's quest for a male heir caused significant religious and political upheaval, ultimately leading to the establishment of the Church of England.