Final answer:
Reductionism is the approach that does not view the human body as a microcosm; it breaks down phenomena into basic parts, differing from holism which sees interdependence in the whole.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept that does not regard the human body as a microcosmos reflecting the features of the universe around it is B) Reductionism. Reductionism is the approach in science and philosophy that breaks complex phenomena down into their most basic parts. It contrasts with holism, which would view the human body as a microcosmos, emphasizing the importance of the whole and the interdependence of its parts. Vitalism and Mechanism are other philosophies; Vitalism suggests that biological processes are governed by a vital principle distinct from physicochemical forces, and Mechanism argues that natural processes are mechanically determined and capable of being explained by the laws of physics and chemistry.