Final answer:
False contractions without cervical changes are known as Braxton Hicks Contractions, which are different from the regular contractions of true labor that lead to childbirth. The correct option is A).
Step-by-step explanation:
False contractions without dilation or effacement are also known as Braxton Hicks Contractions. These are often experienced during the later stages of pregnancy and are sometimes referred to as "false labor."
Unlike true labor, Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular, usually painless, do not get closer over time, and can often be relieved by changes in activity, hydration, or rest.
True labor, on the other hand, involves regular contractions that immediately precede childbirth; they do not abate with hydration or rest, and they become more frequent and powerful with time.
During true labor, the stretching of the myometrium and the cervix by a full-term fetus in the vertex position initiates these regular contractions.
True labor progresses in a positive feedback loop: uterine contractions stretch the cervix, which dilates and effaces, triggering more contractions that become progressively stronger and more frequent, leading to childbirth. Option A) is the correct one.