Final answer:
During the orgasm phase of the sexual response cycle, men experience muscular contractions leading to ejaculation, whereas women experience rhythmic contractions of the uterus and vaginal muscles. This phase is followed by resolution, where the body returns to a normal state, and men go through a refractory period.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the orgasm phase, which is the third phase of the sexual response cycle, several physiological events occur in both males and females. In males, involuntary rhythmic contractions of muscles lead to the constriction of reproductive accessory glands and tubules. This action propels the semen into the urethra. Following this, more muscular contractions occur leading to the ejaculation of semen. In females, a series of rhythmic contractions occur in the uterus and vaginal muscles. These contractions are typically short-lived, lasting less than a second each. The resolution phase follows orgasm, during which the body gradually returns to its normal state. In this phase, men also experience a refractory period, prohibiting erection or ejaculation for a variable length of time, which can range from a few minutes to several hours.
Ejaculation specifically is a process involving peristalsis, where the muscle layers of structures like the vas deferens propel sperm from its storage area in the epididymis. These muscular contractions force the sperm through the vas deferens, the ejaculatory ducts, and out the urethra during ejaculation.