Final answer:
A juror who persistently disagrees with a group consensus is the scenario least likely to lead to groupthink, as groupthink requires homogeneity in opinion that is disrupted by such disagreement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scenario least likely to proceed to a groupthink decision is when a juror persistently disagrees with the rest of the jury's consensus. This scenario depicts active disagreement within the group, which is contrary to the homogeneity in opinion required for groupthink to occur. Groupthink, as defined by Janis (1972), occurs when group members adjust their opinions to align with what they believe is the group consensus, often leading to poor decision-making. The presence of a dissenting juror disrupts the unanimity that is characteristic of groupthink.
To avoid groupthink and its symptoms, strategies such as seeking outside opinions, private voting, and having leaders withhold their positions until all members have spoken should be implemented. Moreover, diversity in viewpoints and open discussions can also prevent the modification of individual opinions solely for group harmony. A group polarized in its initial stance may experience an intensification of its position post-discussion, but the presence of contrasting opinions keeps the conversation dynamic and minimizes the risk of groupthink.
When considering collective dilemmas, the process of decision-making is crucial. Democratic decision processes, like voting, can result in an outcome that, while not satisfying each individual member entirely, reflects a collective agreement that is supported by the majority of the group, rather than an unchallenged consensus resulting in groupthink.