We can see here that the vocabulary terms and their definitions in my own word:
1. Domestication: The process of adapting plants or animals for human use by controlling their breeding and living conditions.
2. Ur-Namma Sumerian Empire: Ur-Namma was a ruler of ancient Mesopotamia, known for his legal reforms and significant architectural achievements.
3. Emperor Wudi: Also known as Wu of Han, he was a notable Han dynasty emperor in ancient China who expanded the empire, centralized government, and promoted Confucianism.
4. Inca Empire: A powerful pre-Columbian civilization located in the Andes Mountains of South America, known for its advanced engineering and administrative systems.
5. Pope Gregory VII: A medieval pope who sought to reform the Church and challenged secular authorities' influence over ecclesiastical matters.
6. Megadrought: An extended and severe period of dryness that significantly exceeds typical drought conditions, affecting large regions for an extended period.
7. Polytheism: Belief in or worship of multiple deities or gods, often with distinct powers or responsibilities.
8. Monotheism: Belief in a single, omnipotent God or deity.
9. Protestant Reformation: A religious reform movement in the 16th century initiated by Martin Luther, leading to the establishment of Protestantism and challenging certain practices of the Catholic Church.
10. East-West Schism: The split between the Roman Catholic Church in the West and the Eastern Orthodox Church in the East in 1054, resulting in doctrinal differences and the division of Christianity.
11. Crusades: A series of religiously sanctioned military campaigns by Western Christians to regain control of the Holy Land from Muslim forces during the Middle Ages.
12. Council of Trent: An ecumenical council of the Catholic Church in the 16th century aimed at addressing and reforming various doctrines and practices in response to the Protestant Reformation.
13. Banks: Financial institutions that provide various services, including deposit accounts, loans, and investments.
14. Funduq: An ancient term used for inns or lodgings for travelers or merchants in the medieval Islamic world.
15. Sequencing of events in history: Arranging historical events in a chronological order based on their occurrence.
16. Coral stone: A building material made from fossilized coral that is used in construction.
17. Spice trade: The trading of spices, particularly in the ancient and medieval periods, which led to global exploration and economic expansion.
18. Spanish conquest: The period during the Age of Exploration when Spain colonized and conquered various territories in the Americas and other regions.
19. Silk trade: The ancient trade route connecting China to the Mediterranean, known for the exchange of silk and other goods.
20. Hundred Years' War: A series of conflicts between England and France during the late Middle Ages that lasted approximately 116 years.
21. Mansa Musa's Hajj: The famous pilgrimage to Mecca by Mansa Musa, the ruler of the Mali Empire, which showcased his wealth and influence.
22. Reliable media sources: Trustworthy and credible sources of information that provide accurate and objective news or information.
23. Feudalism: A social, economic, and political system in medieval Europe characterized by hierarchical relationships and land ownership in exchange for services.
24. Constitutional monarchy: A form of government where a monarch serves as the head of state within the parameters of a constitution that defines their powers and limitations.