Final answer:
The theory that suggests a person's likelihood of committing a crime is based on biological makeup is called biological determinism, which posits that behaviors are genetically hardwired.
Step-by-step explanation:
The belief that a person's behavior, including the likelihood of committing a crime, is based on their biological makeup is called biological determinism. This is a concept where it's believed that all behaviors are hardwired into our genes. Sociobiology, a related field, explores the connection between our genes and our behaviors, proposing that our genetic makeup has a significant influence on how we act. Despite the genetic predispositions, the environment often plays a critical role in shaping behavior. For example, the MAOA gene, which has been linked to aggressive behavior, shows that genetics can have an influence, but not all individuals with the gene exhibit criminal behavior, indicating the importance of environmental factors.