Final answer:
The time complexity to sort an unsorted array a of n elements depends on the sorting algorithm used. The most common time complexity for sorting algorithms is O(n log n).
Step-by-step explanation:
The time complexity to sort an unsorted array a of n elements depends on the sorting algorithm used. One popular sorting algorithm is the Quicksort. Quicksort has an average case time complexity of O(n log n), which means the time it takes to sort the array grows at most linearly with the size of the array but with some logarithmic factor.
Another commonly used sorting algorithm is Mergesort. Mergesort also has a time complexity of O(n log n) in the average case.
So, the correct answer would be d) O(n log n) as it represents the most common time complexity for sorting algorithms.