The correct answer to the this question is: B) Photosynthesis
Step-by-step explanation:
Chloroplasts are specialized organelles found in plant cells. Their primary function is to conduct photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose or sugar. This process is vital for plants, as it provides the necessary energy for their growth and survival.
Chloroplasts contain a pigment called chlorophyll, which is responsible for absorbing sunlight. During photosynthesis, chlorophyll captures light energy, and this energy is then used to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air and water (H2O) from the soil into glucose. Oxygen (O2) is released as a byproduct of this reaction.
The other options are not correct for the following reasons:
A) Respiration: While respiration does occur in plant cells, it is not the function of the chloroplast. Respiration occurs in the mitochondria, where glucose is broken down to produce energy.
C) Protein synthesis: Protein synthesis occurs in the ribosomes of the cell and is not a function of the chloroplast.
D) Digestion: Digestion is not a function of the chloroplast. Plant cells do not have specialized organelles for digestion like animal cells. Instead, they break down substances through various metabolic processes in different parts of the cell.