Question

Identify the statements that describe the second great awakening and its impact.

A) The Second Great Awakening was a period of religious revival that took place exclusively in the southern United States.
B) It emphasized personal salvation, emotional worship, and the idea of free will.
C) The movement had little impact on social and political reform efforts.
D) It contributed to the rise of various social reform movements, such as abolitionism and women's rights.

Answer 1

The Second Great Awakening emphasized personal salvation and contributed to various social reform movements but was not exclusive to the southern United States and had significant impact on social and political reforms.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question requires identification of statements that describe the Second Great Awakening and its impact. Among the options provided:

• Statement B: "It emphasized personal salvation, emotional worship, and the idea of free will." is correct, as the Second Great Awakening was indeed a religious movement that stressed these aspects.
• Statement D: "It contributed to the rise of various social reform movements, such as abolitionism and women's rights." is also correct, as the Second Great Awakening had a profound influence on the development and energy of various social and political reform movements in the United States.

However, statement A is incorrect because the Second Great Awakening was not exclusive to the southern United States; it affected many different areas of the country, including the North and the Western frontier. Statement C is also incorrect because the movement did in fact have significant influence on social and political reforms.

Answer 2

The Second Great Awakening was a 19th-century religious movement that stressed personal salvation and emotional worship, influencing both North and South America. It played a crucial role in promoting social and political reform efforts, notably in abolitionism and women's rights, and was instrumental in shaping various societal aspects during that era.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Second Great Awakening was a powerful religious revival movement that re-shaped American religion and society in the 19th century. Unlike statement A, which suggests that the revival was exclusive to the South, this movement was widespread and affected both the northern and southern United States. In line with statement B, the Second Great Awakening placed strong emphasis on personal salvation, emotional worship, and the idea of free will, countering predestination and promoting the notion that anyone could be saved through faith and good works.

Contrary to statement C, the awakening had a significant impact on societal and political reform efforts. As per statement D, it galvanized various social reform movements including but not limited to abolitionism and the fight for women's rights. In the North and especially in Western New York's "Burned-Over District," led by Charles Finney, the awakening spurred many to seek perfection, both personally and society-wide, leading to a burst of social activism. Religious groups like Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians experienced substantial growth during this era, and the message of the awakening also deeply influenced African American slaves and free blacks, inspiring calls for freedom and even rebellions. This era saw the foundation of numerous organizations to support the dissemination of religious and moral education, such as the American Bible Society and the American Tract Society.