Final answer:
Elie Wiesel and his father avoided transportation to extermination camps during the Holocaust by leaving the hospital early and sticking together through concentration camps. Similar acts of evasion and resistance were seen with Irena Sendler and Oskar Schindler.
Step-by-step explanation:
Elie Wiesel and his father managed to avoid transportation to the extermination camps during the Holocaust through a series of fortunate events and decisions. In his memoir 'Night,' Elie describes various instances where luck and quick thinking allowed them to evade death. Notably, Elie and his father decided to evacuate with the first group from the hospital where Elie was recovering from foot surgery, which proved to be a lifesaver when they later learned that those who stayed behind were killed. They managed to stick together and support each other through the brutal conditions of the concentration camps, which played a significant role in their continued survival. Similar stories of evasion and resistance are seen throughout the Holocaust, such as when Irena Sendler smuggled children out of the Warsaw Ghetto, or Oskar Schindler who saved the lives of many Jews through his factory operations.