Final answer:
The velocity of efflux at the lower tube with area A/4 can be found using the continuity equation and Torricelli's Law, and pressure at point P can be calculated through Bernoulli's equation, both considering fluid dynamics principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about finding the velocity of efflux and the pressure at a point P in a container with varying cross-sectional areas. The upper area of the container is A, while the lower tube area is A/4. According to the principle of conservation of mass, specifically in the context of fluid dynamics, the velocity of the fluid will increase as the cross-sectional area decreases, due to the continuity equation which states that A1V1 = A2V2, where A represents the cross-sectional areas and V represents the velocities at different points in the container.
Torricelli's Law can be applied to determine the velocity of efflux assuming the container is open to the atmosphere, and that the fluid is incompressible with negligible viscous effects. For pressure, Bernoulli's equation would be used, combined with the given cross-sectional areas, to find the pressure at the specific point within the fluid system.